Calculate the mass of carbon contained in $1.32\,\text{g}$ of $\text{CO}_2$. Use that result to calculate the amount, in moles, of carbon atoms present in $0.42\,\text{g}$ of $A$.
Calculate the mass of hydrogen contained in $0.54\,\text{g}$ of $\text{H}_2\text{O}$. Use that result to calculate the amount, in moles, of hydrogen atoms present in $0.42\,\text{g}$ of $A$.
It is thought that $A$ is an alkene rather than an alkane. Use your answers to (i) and (ii) to deduce whether this is correct. Explain your answer.
A second organic compound, $B$, was analysed and the mass composition was found to be: $\text{C},\;64.86\%$; $\text{H},\;13.50\%$; $\text{O},\;21.64\%$. Use these data to determine the empirical formula of $B$.
The empirical and molecular formulae of $B$ are identical. $B$ is found to be chiral. Draw displayed formulae of the two optical isomers of this compound, indicating with an asterisk ($*$) the chiral carbon atom.
There are three further structural isomers of $B$ that are not chiral but do contain the same functional group as $B$. In the boxes below, draw the structural formulae of these isomers.