The mechanism for this reaction involves methylbenzene reacting with a $\text{Br}^+$ ion. This ion is formed when bromine reacts with the catalyst. Complete the equation for the reaction of $\text{Br}_2$ with the catalyst. $\text{Br}_2 + \ldots \rightarrow \text{Br}^+ + \ldots$
One of the isomers of L is made in much smaller quantities than the other two isomers. Draw the structure of this isomer and explain why it is formed in the smallest amount.
Complete the mechanism in Fig. 8.1 for the reaction between methylbenzene and the $\text{Br}^+$ ion. Include all relevant curly arrows and charges.
Chlorobutane and chlorobenzene are each added to separate samples of warm aqueous $\text{AgNO}_3$. One chloro-compound reacts slowly, whereas the other shows no reaction. Identify the chloro-compound that reacts and describe the observation.
Provide two equations to explain any observations in (b)(i).
Explain why chlorobutane and chlorobenzene differ in reactivity with warm aqueous $\text{AgNO}_3$.