State the trend in the reactivities of the halogens with hydrogen.
Explain this trend in terms of bond energies.
Write an equation for the reaction of calcium chloride, $\text{CaCl}_2$, with concentrated sulfuric acid.
Explain why hydrogen iodide is not prepared in this way.
When potassium bromide, $\text{KBr}$, reacts with concentrated sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide, $\text{SO}_2$, is produced. State what you would see and write an equation for this reaction.
Give the structures of the four structural isomers of $\text{C}_4\text{H}_9\text{Br}$ and identify each as primary, secondary or tertiary.
Name the isomer of $\text{C}_4\text{H}_9\text{Br}$ that contains a chiral centre and draw the three-dimensional structures of the two optical isomers.
Aqueous silver nitrate solution was added to separate tubes containing chloroethane, bromoethane and iodoethane. The tubes were heated in a water bath. A yellow precipitate appeared first in the tube containing iodoethane, followed by a cream precipitate in the tube containing bromoethane and finally a white precipitate appeared in the tube containing chloroethane. Explain these observations.
Give the full name of the mechanism for the reaction between aqueous sodium hydroxide and bromoethane.
Complete the diagram below to represent this mechanism. Include all necessary curly arrows, partial charges and lone pairs.
State a property of CFCs which makes them suitable for use as refrigerants.
State the damaging effect of CFCs in the upper atmosphere. Explain your answer.