Explain what the term partition coefficient means.
A $20\,\text{cm}^3$ volume of ethoxyethane was shaken with $75\,\text{cm}^3$ of an aqueous solution containing $5.00\,\text{g}$ of an organic compound, $J$, in $75\,\text{cm}^3$ of water, and $2.14\,\text{g}$ of $J$ was found in the ethoxyethane layer. Calculate the partition coefficient, $K_{\text{partition}}$, of $J$ between ethoxyethane and water.
In a different experiment, $10\,\text{cm}^3$ of ethoxyethane were shaken with $75\,\text{cm}^3$ of an aqueous solution containing $5.00\,\text{g}$ of $J$, after which the layers were separated. The aqueous layer was then shaken with a second $10\,\text{cm}^3$ portion of ethoxyethane and separated again. The two organic layers were then mixed. Use the $K_{\text{partition}}$ value you found in part (b) to calculate the total mass of $J$ removed by this method.
Identify the mobile phase in paper chromatography.
Suggest the type of liquid used as the stationary phase in gas/liquid chromatography.
State what you would measure in order to distinguish the components in the mixture in paper chromatography.
State what you would measure in order to distinguish the components in the mixture in gas/liquid chromatography.
Three compounds were separated by paper chromatography using a non-polar solvent, and the chromatogram obtained is shown. Identify which compound produced each spot.