Some transition element complexes are capable of stereoisomerism. State two kinds of stereoisomerism displayed by transition element complexes.
The complexes $[\text{Pt}(\text{NH}_3)_2\text{Cl}_2]$ and $[\text{Pt}(en)_2]^{2+}$ share the same geometry around the metal ion. $[\text{Pt}(\text{NH}_3)_2\text{Cl}_2]$ can form two stereoisomers, while $[\text{Pt}(en)_2]^{2+}$ has only one possible arrangement. State the geometry around the metal ion.
The complex $[\text{Cr}(en)_3]^{2+}$ has two stereoisomers, whereas the complex $[\text{Cr}(\text{OCH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{NH}_2)_3]^{3-}$ has four stereoisomers. Complete the three-dimensional diagrams in Fig. 2.1 so that the four stereoisomers of $[\text{Cr}(\text{OCH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{NH}_2)_3]^{3-}$ are shown. Show the ligand $-\text{OCH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{NH}_2$ using the O-N linkage provided.
Suggest the mechanism for step 1 in the reaction of oxirane with ammonia shown in Fig. 2.3. Include every relevant curly arrow, lone pair of electrons, charge and partial charge. Draw the structure of the organic intermediate.
A small quantity of by-product E, shown in Fig. 2.4, is formed in the reaction shown in Fig. 2.2. Suggest how the formation of by-product E can be minimised.
Compound F, $\text{C}_4\text{H}_9\text{NO}$, is obtained from by-product E, $\text{C}_4\text{H}_{11}\text{NO}_2$, when it reacts with concentrated $\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4$. Compound F is a saturated, basic organic compound. Suggest a structure for compound F. State the type of reaction that E undergoes to form F.