Chemistry 9701 · AS & A Level · Chemistry of transition elements

Chemistry of transition elements — practice question

An aqueous chromium(III) solution contains the green $[\text{Cr}(\text{H}_2\text{O})_6]^{3+}$ complex ion.
(a(i))[1]

Give the electronic configuration of an isolated, gaseous $\text{Cr}^{3+}$ ion. $1s^2$ .........................

(a(ii))[1]

Define what is meant by complex ion.

(b)[5]

The aqueous complex $[\text{Cr}(\text{H}_2\text{O})_6]^{3+}(aq)$ has some chemical similarities to $[\text{Co}(\text{H}_2\text{O})_6]^{2+}(aq)$. Separate samples of $[\text{Cr}(\text{H}_2\text{O})_6]^{3+}$ are treated with $\text{NaOH}(aq)$, $\text{H}_2\text{O}_2(aq)$, and excess $\text{NH}_3(aq)$. Using this information and the Data Booklet, suggest the formula of the chromium species formed. State the type of reaction in each instance.

(c)[2]

$[\text{Cr}(\text{H}_2\text{O})_6]^{2+}$ and $[\text{Cr}_2(\text{O}_2\text{CCH}_3)_4(\text{H}_2\text{O})_2]$ are both chromium(II) complexes, yet they show different colours. Explain why these complexes are not the same colour.

(d(i))[1]

Water and ethanoate ions act as different kinds of ligand in this complex. Suggest an explanation for this statement.

(d(ii))[1]

Deduce the coordination number of Cr and the shape around each Cr atom in this structure.

(d(iii))[1]

State what type of bond links the two atoms in the Cr-Cr bond.

(e(i))[2]

Construct an ionic equation for how $\text{Cr}^{2+}(aq)$ reacts with $\text{O}_2(aq)$ in acidic conditions.

(e(ii))[1]

Calculate $E^\circ_{\text{cell}}$ for the reaction given in (e)(i).

Worked solution & mark scheme

This 15-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: Electronic configuration: $[1s^2]2s^22p^63s^23p^63d^3$

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