Chemistry 9701 · AS & A Level · Chemical energetics

Chemical energetics — practice question

Radium belongs to Group 2. The predicted lattice energy, $\Delta H^\circ_{\text{latt}}$, of radium sulfide, RaS, is $-2612\ \text{kJ mol}^{-1}$.
(a)[2]

Define the term $\Delta H^\circ_{\text{latt}}$.

(b)[1]

Write an equation for the process that corresponds to the second electron affinity of sulfur. Include state symbols.

(c)[3]

Sulfur exists as $\text{S}_8$ molecules in the solid state. Use the data given in this question to calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction $\text{S}_8(s) \rightarrow 8\text{S}(g)$.

(d)[2]

Calculate the standard enthalpy change of formation, $\Delta H_f^\circ$, for radium sulfide.

(e(i))[2]

State the two main factors that influence the size of a lattice energy.

(e(ii))[2]

For each factor you identified in e(i), state whether it makes the lattice energy of radium sulfide more or less exothermic than sodium chloride. Explain your answer.

(e(iii))[1]

The lattice energies of sodium chloride, $\text{NaCl}$, and radium sulfide, $\text{RaS}$, are $-771\ \text{kJ mol}^{-1}$ and $-2612\ \text{kJ mol}^{-1}$, respectively. Identify the main factor that has the greatest effect on the relative numerical magnitudes of the lattice energies of radium sulfide and sodium chloride. Explain your answer.

Worked solution & mark scheme

This 13-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: enthalpy / energy change released / evolved / given out on formation of one mole

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