Chemistry 9701 · AS & A Level · Chemical energetics

Chemical energetics — practice question

The lattice energies for three ionic compounds are listed as follows: LiF$(s)$ $-1022\,\text{kJ mol}^{-1}$; CaO$(s)$ $-3513\,\text{kJ mol}^{-1}$; SrO$(s)$ $-3310\,\text{kJ mol}^{-1}$.
(a(i))[2]

Define lattice energy.

(a(ii))[1]

Explain why the lattice energy of $CaO$ is more exothermic than that of $LiF$.

(a(iii))[1]

Using the table data, estimate approximate values for the lattice energies of magnesium oxide and barium oxide. $\Delta H_{\text{latt}}\text{MgO}(s) =$ …… $\text{kJ mol}^{-1}$. $\Delta H_{\text{latt}}\text{BaO}(s) =$ …… $\text{kJ mol}^{-1}$.

(b(i))[1]

Write an equation for the reaction of $\text{BaO}$ with $\text{H}_2\text{O}$. Add state symbols.

(b(ii))[4]

State and explain how the solubilities of the hydroxides of the Group 2 elements change down the group.

(c)[3]

With the following data and any other relevant Data Booklet values, calculate the lattice energy of magnesium fluoride, $\text{MgF}_2\text{(s)}$. Drawing an energy cycle may help. Show your working. Data given: electron affinity of $\text{F(g)} = -348\,\text{kJ mol}^{-1}$; enthalpy change of atomisation of $\text{Mg(s)} = +147\,\text{kJ mol}^{-1}$; enthalpy change of formation of $\text{MgF}_2\text{(s)} = -1102\,\text{kJ mol}^{-1}$. Find $\Delta H_{\text{latt}}\text{MgF}_2\text{(s)}$.

(d(i))[2]

Define electron affinity.

(d(ii))[1]

The electron affinity of carbon, $\text{C(g)}$, is $-120\,\text{kJ mol}^{-1}$. Suggest an explanation for why the electron affinity of fluorine differs from the electron affinity of carbon.

Worked solution & mark scheme

This 15-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: energy given out when 1 mole of an ionic compound is formed

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