Suggest a dot-and-cross diagram for CO.
Suggest one explanation for why CO is produced, in addition to $\text{CO}_2$, in some internal combustion engines.
Carbon monoxide may be removed from the exhaust gases by a catalytic converter. Write an equation for a reaction in a catalytic converter that removes CO.
The standard enthalpy change of formation, $\Delta H^{\circ}_{f}$, of CO is $-111\,\text{kJ mol}^{-1}$, and that of $\text{CO}_2$ is $-394\,\text{kJ mol}^{-1}$. Calculate the standard enthalpy change for the reaction below: $\text{C}(s) + \text{CO}_2(g) \rightarrow 2\text{CO}(g)$.
Carbon monoxide reacts with a ruthenium(II) chloride complex according to the equation: $[\text{Ru}(\text{H}_2\text{O})_2\text{Cl}_4]^{2-} + \text{CO} \rightarrow [\text{Ru}(\text{H}_2\text{O})(\text{CO})\text{Cl}_4]^{2-} + \text{H}_2\text{O}$. Describe the reaction type occurring here.
During the reaction, the colour of the solution changes from deep blue to green. Explain the origin of colour in transition element complexes, and why different complexes often have different colours.
The following table gives how the initial rate of this reaction changes with different reactant concentrations. Use these data to determine the order of reaction with respect to each reagent, and write the rate equation for the reaction.
Three possible mechanisms for this reaction are given. Deduce which one of the three mechanisms is consistent with the rate equation you suggested in part (iii). Explain your answer.