(a)[1]
Deduce the empirical formula for $Y$.
(b(i))[1]
The conversion of $Y$ from $X$ needs a suitable reducing agent to be added. Write an equation in molecular formulae with $[\text{H}]$ for the reaction shown in Fig. 5.1. Use $[\text{H}]$ to stand for one atom of hydrogen from the reducing agent.
(b(ii))[1]
Identify a suitable non-gaseous reducing agent for the conversion of $Y$ from $X$.
(c)[2]
Complete Table 5.1 to show how many $sp^2$ and $sp^3$ hybridised carbon atoms are present in a molecule of $X$.
(d)[3]
Complete Table 5.2 with the observations you would expect when the reagents shown are added to separate solutions of X and Y. Do not include any temperature change in your answer.