(a)[1]
What is the empirical formula for trans-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal?
(b(i))[2]
HNE contains an alkene group. Name, as fully as possible, two other functional groups found in the HNE molecule.
(b(ii))[3]
How could you confirm that the alkene group is present in HNE? State the reagent used and the observation you would make.
(c(i))[2]
HNE is a reactive compound. Give the structural formulae of every carbon-containing compound formed when HNE is reacted with hot concentrated manganate(VII) ions in acid solution.
(c(ii))[1]
HNE is reacted with hot phosphorus trichloride, PCl$_3$. Give the structural formulae of every carbon-containing compound formed.
(c(iii))[1]
HNE is reacted with sodium tetrahydridoborate(III), NaBH$_4$. Give the structural formulae of every carbon-containing compound formed.