Complete Table 3.1 so that you: identify a reagent that can tell the compounds in each pair apart; give the positive outcome of the chemical test and state which compound gives that outcome. Use a different reagent for each test.
$A1$ and $A2$ are structural isomers. Define what is meant by structural isomers.
Give the systematic name for $B2$.
Deduce the molecular formula for $D1$.
$D2$ forms polymer $Z$ when heated gently. Identify the type of polymer formed from $D2$.
Draw a single repeat unit of polymer $Z$.
Organic compound $E$ contains three carbon atoms. When $E$ reacts with cold dilute acidified $\text{KMnO}_4\text{(aq)}$, a single compound $F$ is formed and has $M_r = 154.9$. Fig. 3.1 gives the infrared spectrum of $E$. Fig. 3.2 gives the infrared spectrum of $F$.
Use the two infrared spectra and Table 3.2 to identify the functional group that is found only in E. Justify your answer by referring only to absorptions at frequencies above $1500\ \text{cm}^{-1}$.\n\nfunctional group identified ........................................................\n\nexplanation ................................................................................................................................
Use the infrared spectrum of $F$ to identify the functional group formed when $E$ reacts with cold dilute acidified $\text{KMnO}_4\text{(aq)}$. Justify your answer, referring only to absorptions at frequencies greater than $1500\ \text{cm}^{-1}$.\n\nfunctional group identified ........................................................\n\nexplanation ................................................................................................................................
The mass spectrum of E has a molecular ion peak and an M+2 peak with approximately equal abundance at $m/e = 120$ and $122$. Deduce the relative molecular mass, $M_r$, of E.
Use the information from 3(c) to suggest a structure for E.
Complete the equation for the reaction of E with cold dilute acidified $\text{KMnO}_4\text{(aq)}$ to form F. In the equation, $[O]$ stands for cold dilute acidified $\text{KMnO}_4\text{(aq)}$.\n\n$\text{H}_2\text{O} + [O] + \ldots \rightarrow \ldots$
C2 can be made from A1 using a single organic reactant. Devise a multistep synthetic route from A1 to C2. Identify the appropriate reagents and conditions, and state the organic product formed in each step.