Electrophoresis and paper chromatography may each be used to separate amino acids from a mixture formed from polypeptides. For each method, give one amino acid property that leads to the separation: electrophoresis; paper chromatography.
Amino acids have no colour. What method is used to show where the different amino acids are so that measurements can be taken?
Which measurements must be taken to identify individual amino acids in paper chromatography?
The diagram shows the outcomes of electrophoresis on a mixture of the amino acids glycine, lysine and glutamic acid at pH $7.0$. The structures of the amino acids at pH $7.0$ are shown: glycine: $\mathrm{H_3N^+CH_2CO_2^-}$ lysine: $\mathrm{H_3N^+CH(CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_2NH_3^+)CO_2^-}$ glutamic\ acid: $\mathrm{H_3N^+CH(CH_2CH_2CO_2^-)CO_2^-}$ Identify the amino acids responsible for the spots labelled $R$, $S$ and $T$.
This diagram shows the results of two-way paper chromatography of a mixture of amino acids. Place a $U$ next to the amino acid that travelled the furthest in solvent $2$.
Draw a ring around the two amino acids that were not separated in solvent $1$.
Place a $W$ next to the amino acid that was very soluble in both solvents.