Name the mechanism represented in reaction 1.
Complete the mechanism for reaction 1. Write equations to show the stages of the mechanism. Initiation: $\mathrm{Cl_2 \rightarrow 2Cl\bullet}$. Complete propagation 1, propagation 2 and a termination step that produces $\mathrm{CH_3CH_2CH_2Cl}$.
Reaction 1 begins with the bond fission of $\mathrm{Cl_2}$. State the type of bond fission shown in the initiation stage.
Compound Q is a by-product of reaction 1. The displayed structure of Q is shown. Name Q.
The molecular formula of Q is $\text{C}_3\text{H}_6\text{Cl}_2$. Identify the types of structural isomerism and stereoisomerism that a molecule with molecular formula $\text{C}_3\text{H}_6\text{Cl}_2$ can show.
State the reagent and solvent required for reaction 2.
Reaction 3 takes place when $\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{OH}$ is heated under reflux with acidified potassium dichromate(VI) solution. State the colour change that takes place in the reaction mixture.
Construct an equation to represent reaction 3. Use $[\text{O}]$ to represent an atom of oxygen from the oxidising agent.
$\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{COOH}$ reacts with an unsaturated alcohol R to form unsaturated ester S. State the type of reaction that forms S.
The infrared spectrum of S is shown in Fig. 4.2. Three absorptions in the infrared spectrum confirm that S is an ester and is unsaturated. Write 1, 2 or 3 on Fig. 4.2 against each of these three absorptions. Complete Table 4.1 to show which bond is responsible for each absorption that you have identified in Fig. 4.2.
The mass spectrum of S shows the peaks in Table 4.3. Use Table 4.3 to calculate the number of carbon atoms in S.