(a)[2]
Name the processes $X$ and $Y$.
(b)[1]
Name one organism that is involved in process $Y$.
(c)[1]
Explain why process $X$ happens, even though it is a disadvantage to a plant.
(d)[2]
State two examples of how xerophytic plant leaves are adapted to limit the loss of water vapour to the atmosphere.
(e)[2]
Nitrate ions are taken up by root hair cells. Outline how the cell surface membrane of root hair cells is involved in nitrate ion uptake.
(f)[4]
Describe and explain how water and nitrate ions move in the xylem from roots to leaves.
(g)[1]
One use of nitrogen in nitrate ions is the synthesis of organic molecules such as RNA. State the part of an RNA molecule that contains nitrogen.