(a)[4]
Identify the four cell types shown in Fig. 5.1. For each cell in Fig. 5.1, write the cell type name on the answer line provided.
(b(i))[1]
With reference to the blood pressure changes shown in Fig. 5.2, state the highest blood pressure attained in the left ventricle.
(b(ii))[1]
With reference to the blood pressure changes shown in Fig. 5.2, state when closure of the bicuspid (left atrioventricular) valve occurs.
(c(i))[3]
Chronic alveolar hypoxia is a state in which the partial pressure of oxygen in the gas exchange regions of the lungs remains below normal at all times. Explain how COPD causes chronic alveolar hypoxia.
(c(ii))[2]
Explain how the loss of alveolar capillaries changes lung function in a person with COPD.