(a)[2]
Ligand signalling can lead to activation of CDKs in target cells. Outline the key stages in cell signalling by ligands that may produce specific responses in target cells.
(b)[2]
State and explain how the CDK inhibitor in Fig. 5.1 stops the CDK molecule from being active.
(c(i))[2]
State which CDK inhibitor, with reference to Table 5.1, is likely to give a cell containing one chromatid per chromosome. Explain your answer.
(c(ii))[2]
Using Table 5.1, state which CDK inhibitor is likely to produce a cell with: - a relatively high concentration of mitochondria - two chromatids per chromosome Explain your answer.
(d)[2]
Scientists have developed synthetic CDK inhibitors. Explain why CDK inhibitors can be used to treat cancerous tumours.