(a(i))[1]
Name the mitosis stage in which the chromosomes are positioned at the cell's spindle equator.
(a(ii))[1]
At the start of mitosis, the nuclear envelope fragments into vesicles and so may not be visible in some cells in the root apical meristem. Name the stage of mitosis in which these vesicles merge to form new nuclear envelopes.
(b(i))[3]
Outline how water enters the cells.
(b(ii))[2]
Outline the main features of a fully mature plant vacuole.
(c)[2]
Draw a diagram to show how the vascular tissue is arranged in a transverse section of a root in the zone of differentiation.
(d)[4]
Explain how phloem sap is transported within the sieve tubes by mass flow from the root storage areas to the growing regions of the stem.