State the name of molecule Y in Fig. 6.1.
Explain how Fig. 6.1 demonstrates that glycolysis is an oxidation process.
At one time, it was believed that the oxidative phosphorylation of one molecule of reduced NAD produces $3$ ATP molecules and one molecule of reduced FAD produces $2$ ATP molecules. Using Fig. 6.1, work out the theoretical total number of ATP molecules synthesised for each molecule of glucose respired in all phosphorylation reactions. Show your working.
Suggest two reasons why the actual net number of ATP molecules synthesised is lower than the theoretical figure.
Outline the functions of NAD and FAD in aerobic respiration.
Rotenone is used as an insecticide. It kills insects by blocking electron transfer in the electron transport chain of the mitochondrion. Explain how rotenone affects ATP synthesis in the mitochondrion.