Outline two examples of cell movement that require ATP.
ATP cannot be kept in cells so it must be continuously re-synthesised to satisfy the needs of an organism. A person with a total quantity of $0.2$ moles of ATP has to hydrolyse $150$ moles of ATP per day. Calculate how many times the total quantity of $0.2$ moles of ATP must be re-synthesised per hour to meet the demand of $150$ moles per day. Show your working and give your answer to the nearest whole number.
State the stages in which chemiosmosis occurs in respiration and in photosynthesis.
Using Fig. 2.1, describe and explain how thermogenin affects ATP synthesis.
When the external temperature is warm, thermogenin cannot function. When the external temperature becomes cold, thermogenin is able to function as a result of cell signalling: • adrenaline is released • adrenaline acts on brown adipose cells • a sequence of events is triggered that leads to activation of the enzyme lipase • lipase hydrolyses triglycerides in the cells into fatty acids • fatty acids enter the mitochondrion • thermogenin starts to function Outline the stages of cell signalling that trigger thermogenin to function.