(a(i))[1]
State the term for the DNA nucleotide sequence in the alveolar macrophage that codes for a protein such as lysozyme.
(a(ii))[1]
Synthesis of lysozyme happens in two stages. In the first stage, the nucleus uses one DNA strand to make mRNA. State the name of the DNA strand used to synthesise mRNA.
(a(iii))[1]
Name the organelle where mRNA translation occurs to make lysozyme.
(a(iv))[2]
Lysozyme destroys bacterial cells by hydrolysing bonds in peptidoglycan. Explain how hydrolysis of bonds in peptidoglycan results in bacterial cell destruction.
(b(i))[2]
Alveolar macrophages are found touching squamous epithelial cells in the walls of alveoli. Explain how the cells that line the alveoli are adapted for gas exchange.
(b(ii))[2]
Describe the function of elastic fibres in an alveolar wall.