(a)[4]
A marker gene may be used when a gene of interest is inserted into a plant by genetic engineering. Describe and explain how a marker gene that codes for a fluorescent product can show that the introduced gene of interest is being expressed in plants.
(b)[2]
Give two advantages of genetically engineering herbicide resistance into crop plants such as soybean.
(c(i))[1]
Explain why DNA hybridisation takes place between the probe DNA and the added DNA.
(c(ii))[3]
A DNA microarray analysis can be used to determine the level of expression of certain genes. Describe and explain how the level of expression of some genes can be identified using the DNA microarray analysis technique.