Biology 9700 · AS & A Level · Principles of genetic technology

Principles of genetic technology — practice question

Myosotis is a genus of small flowering plants. Many Myosotis species occur on the islands of New Zealand, which are an important centre for Myosotis evolution. Lowland Myosotis species live at low altitude, whereas alpine Myosotis species live at high altitude on mountain summits.
(a)[3]

Scientists wanted molecular data in order to establish the evolutionary relationships of New Zealand’s Myosotis species. They extracted DNA from individuals of Myosotis species collected from three different islands in New Zealand. Before DNA sequencing, the samples were used in a polymerase chain reaction: primers, deoxynucleotides and Taq polymerase were added, and the mixture was subjected to 35 cycles of treatment. Each cycle included one minute at $95^\circ\text{C}$, then one minute at $50^\circ\text{C}$, followed by four minutes at $72^\circ\text{C}$. Describe what happened to the DNA at each temperature.

(b)[5]

Fig. 5.1 shows the three largest New Zealand islands. DNA sequence data from three Myosotis species were compared. The findings are set out in the bullet points. Explain the results shown for the three Myosotis species.

(c)[2]

State two factors, apart from natural selection, that could cause genetic change in populations of Myosotis.

Worked solution & mark scheme

This 10-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: At $95^\circ\mathrm{C}$, the DNA is denatured

  • Full mark scheme, point by point
  • Step-by-step worked solution
  • Write your answer & get it marked instantly by AI