Outline the procedure used in in-vitro fertilisation (IVF).
For IVF to be successful, a sperm must have an undamaged plasma (cell surface) membrane, an intact acrosome (a sperm’s large lysosome) and the ability to generate ATP for movement. One way to judge the quality of a sperm sample is to mix it with three chemical probes that bind to specific sperm components. The probes fluoresce when the sperm are examined with a microscope under ultraviolet (UV) light, so their uptake can be seen. The three probes fluoresce in different colours. Probe 1 binds to DNA and fluoresces red, but it can enter a sperm only if its plasma membrane is damaged. Probe 2 binds to sugars in the acrosome and fluoresces yellow, but it can enter the acrosome only if the acrosome membrane is damaged. Probe 3 binds to mitochondria and fluoresces bright green in sperm with active mitochondria and less brightly when the mitochondria are less active. A sample of sperm was mixed with all three probes and viewed using UV light. Complete Table 3.1 by placing ticks ($\checkmark$) in the correct boxes to describe the appearance of sperm that would be suitable for use in IVF.
Suggest one reason why removing the acrosome before injecting a sperm into an oocyte might increase the success rate of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).