Biology 9700 · AS & A Level · Natural and artificial selection

Natural and artificial selection — practice question

In sickle cell anaemia, the recessive allele Hb$^{S}$ takes the place of the normal allele Hb$^{A}$. Hb$^{S}$ occurs at a far greater frequency in West Africa than in most other regions of the world. The frequency of Hb$^{S}$ matches the geographical distribution of malaria.
(a)[1]

Explain the meaning of the term allele.

(b)[4]

State whether life expectancy is likely to be high or low in West Africa for people with each of the following genotypes. For every case, give a reason for your answer. Hb$^{A}$Hb$^{A}$ Hb$^{A}$Hb$^{S}$ Hb$^{S}$Hb$^{S}$

(c)[2]

Explain why populations in the USA that are of West African descent have a lower frequency of the Hb$^{S}$ allele than West African populations.

Worked solution & mark scheme

This 7-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: Alternative form / variant of a gene

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