Biology 9700 · AS & A Level · Genetically modified organisms in agriculture

Genetically modified organisms in agriculture — practice question

Pigs are farm animals that are raised as livestock in some regions of the world. The first genetically modified (transgenic) pigs were made in 1985. Foreign DNA was inserted straight into the nuclei of zygotes. The foreign DNA consisted of two parts: the gene coding for human growth hormone; and a section of mouse DNA that, when metal ions are present, lets transcription start.
(a(i))[2]

The human growth hormone made by the transgenic pigs caused them to grow more quickly, and to a larger size and greater mass, than pigs that were not genetically modified. Suggest reasons for this difference.

(a(ii))[3]

Suggest and explain why the mouse DNA was added to the foreign DNA.

(b(i))[3]

Discuss whether these transgenic pigs have long term economic value.

(b(ii))[2]

Comment on the ethics of producing transgenic pigs with the features described.

(c(i))[2]

Describe two advantages of the gene-editing technique compared with the traditional genetic modification technique used to make transgenic pigs in 1985.

(c(ii))[3]

A scientist stated that this new technique is a form of selective breeding, so is not genetic engineering. Discuss whether this claim is correct and whether public groups who oppose transgenic animals will be more or less likely to accept the new technique.

Worked solution & mark scheme

This 15-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: increased GH concentration

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