(a)[5]
Using haemophilia as an example, describe how a gene, a protein and a phenotype are related.
(b)[3]
In the pea plant, Pisum sativum, the genotype lele gives plants with short stems (dwarf plants). Explain how the lele genotype and its gene product results in dwarf plants.
(c)[3]
Dwarf plants can also form when the genes controlling growth are not activated (switched on). Explain how DELLA proteins function as repressors by preventing gene expression.