Emphysema is one form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD. In people who have emphysema, the concentration of a plasma protein that blocks the enzyme elastase is very low. Elastase breaks down the elastic fibres in the bronchioles and alveoli. Which of the following are consequences of the reduced inhibitor level in people with emphysema?
- A1, 2 and 3
- B1 and 3 only
- C1 only
- D2 and 3 only