Control and coordination in mammals — practice question

An axon membrane is described as being at its resting potential when no action potential is occurring. Describe and explain how a resting potential in an axon membrane is maintained.

Hypokalaemia is a condition where the concentration of potassium ions ($\text{K}^+$) in the body is low. This can influence nervous coordination. Fig. 7.1 illustrates a normal action potential and Fig. 7.2 illustrates an action potential from a person with hypokalaemia.

Using Fig. 7.1 and Fig. 7.2, describe the differences between a normal action potential and an action potential from a person with hypokalaemia.

Suggest how hypokalaemia may influence nervous coordination.