Biology 9700 · AS & A Level · Control and coordination in mammals
Control and coordination in mammals — practice question
A nerve is made up of bundles of different kinds of neurone. Fig. 5.1 illustrates the mean speed at which impulses are transmitted by three sensory neurone types, C, $A^\delta$ and $A^\beta$.
Information given:
• Impulses from pain receptors in the skin travel along sensory neurones C and $A^\delta$.
• Sensory neurones C and $A^\delta$ make synapses in the spinal cord with relay neurones called projection neurones.
• Projection neurones carry impulses to the region of the brain that detects pain.
• Impulses from touch receptors in the skin move along sensory neurones $A^\beta$, which may also make synapses with projection neurones in the spinal cord.
• Sensory neurones $A^\delta$ and $A^\beta$ have myelin.
• Sensory neurones C lack myelin.
(a(i))[3]
Describe the patterns shown in Fig. 5.1 and suggest reasons for them.
(a(ii))[1]
Gently rubbing a damaged part of the skin can lessen the perception of pain. Suggest an explanation for this.
(b)
Back pain in humans may be eased by using a transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) machine.
(b(i))[4]
Suggest and explain how endorphins may act to reduce pain.
(b(ii))[1]
Suggest one disadvantage of using pain-relief drugs compared with using TENS.
Worked solution & mark scheme
This 9-mark question has a full step-by-step worked solution and mark scheme. One marking point: “A wider diameter increases conduction speed.” …