(a)[3]
Mevinolin is an enzyme inhibitor that may be prescribed as a drug to lower the concentration of cholesterol in blood plasma. High concentrations of cholesterol in the blood have been associated with a greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Mevinolin works as a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme HMG CoA reductase. This enzyme catalyses one of the first steps in the synthesis of cholesterol, as shown in Fig. 6.1: HMG CoA $\xrightarrow{\text{HMG CoA reductase}}$ mevalonic acid. Explain how mevinolin inhibits the enzyme HMG CoA reductase.
(b)[2]
Outline the application of monoclonal antibodies in treating disease.