Biology 9700 · AS & A Level · Biodiversity

Biodiversity — practice question

Sampling can be used to discover how many different species are present in an ecosystem and to estimate the population size of each species. A study was done to examine the biodiversity of two fields, A and B. Field A had not been used to grow crops for 10 years. Field B had been used to grow crops until one year before the study began. Random sampling was carried out.
(a)[4]

Describe how random sampling could be carried out for plant species in the two fields.

(b)

Table 8.1 presents the outcomes of sampling in field A.

(c(i))[1]

Finish Table 8.2 for \textit{Primula veris}.

(c(ii))[2]

Using the data in Table 8.2, calculate Simpson’s Index of Diversity $(D)$ for field A. Show your working and give your answer to two decimal places. The formula is: $D = 1 - \sum \left( \frac{n}{N} \right)^2$

(c(iii))[1]

The $D$ value for field B was $0.45$. Compare the $D$ values for the two fields.

(i)[1]

Finish Table 8.2 for $Primula\ veris$.

(ii)[2]

Use the data in Table 8.2 to work out Simpson’s Index of Diversity ($D$) for field A. Show your working and give the answer to two decimal places.

(iii)[1]

For field B, $D$ equalled $0.45$. Comment on the $D$ values for both fields.

Worked solution & mark scheme

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