State the name of the cell that makes antibodies.
The virus responsible for influenza has two antigens, H and N. Antibodies are made in response to infection by this virus. These antibodies are specific to either antigen H or antigen N. Describe how the structure of an antibody molecule makes it specific to one antigen, such as H or N.
State the name of the pathogen responsible for cholera.
Describe how the cholera-causing pathogen is spread.
Viruses that infect bacteria are known as bacteriophages. Some bacteriophages that infect the cholera pathogen bring about lysis of the bacterium. Suggest what occurs to the structure of a bacterial cell to lead to lysis.
Some scientists think that bacteriophages could be used to treat people infected with cholera. Suggest the properties of the bacteriophages that would make this feasible.
Antibiotics may be used to treat people with cholera. State why antibiotics are not effective against measles.